Modzhina N.V. Migration of the population: comparative analysis of conceptual approaches
Natalia Valentinovna Modzhina
Candidate of Philosophical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Management and Marketing, Institute of Economics, Finance and Business, Bashkir State University
K. Marksa St., 3/4, 450093 Ufa, Russian Federation
Abstract.
The insufficient attention to the problem of migration poses a potential threat to the national security and the integrity of any country. In this article the main concepts of the population migration are analyzed. The migration is seen as a reality in the modern globalization space and as an indicator of political and socio-economic processes in the region and the state as a whole. The migration is one of the most important factors affecting the stability of a society. This postulate refers to both the external and the internal migration. If the external migration is an indicator of a relatively favorable social and economic status of the host country and only in the absence of the government support it can be a certain threat to the security, the internal uncontrolled flow of people is an indicator of the uneven (unstable) situation in the region or in the state. The author analyzes the migration indicators for the Republic of Bashkortostan. In recent years the migration indicators for the subjects of the Volga Federal District have a negative trend. At present the demographic situation in the Republic of Bashkortostan is characterized by a stable population decline and a negative balance of migration. On the one hand the residents of the republic are eager to go there where a greater material prosperity exists and where is a guaranteed employment and where the most comfortable conditions for living are provided. On the other hand the economy of Bashkortostan suffers from a shortage of highly skilled specialists and workers and is therefore limited to unskilled CIS migrant workers and workers from other countries. It is substantiated that in order to prevent the migration risks the governmental authorities need to coordinate the issues of export and import of labor force, and also to modernize the mechanisms of targeted attraction of qualified personnel to enterprises. The regulation of the interregional migration flows, their orientation are a reliable source of the prosperity of territorial units of the country.
Key words: concepts of migration of the population, migration processes, migration approach, migration policy, international labor migration, migration flows.
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